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History is witness to the fact that the Sikh community had to bear the brunt of the massacres carried out by Afghan and Iranian invaders. Maharaja Ranjit Singh was not only young when he heard the stories of this massacre, but he himself was a living witness who witnessed these atrocities and changed the course of history by fighting them.
Despite the desecration of the religious places of Sikhism by the Mughals and the massacre of the Sikh community, they never allowed religious fanaticism to dominate the administrative and judicial system of the Khalsa state, as it is today. Leaders doing religion-specific politics should learn from the unique talent of Maharaja Ranjit Singh that implementing the principles of equality, liberty and community in the Preamble of the Constitution, secular politics is a basic need of the society without which the country becomes socially and socially weak. Will go. Economically, economic development will remain incomplete. Ranjit Singh was born on 13 November 1780 to Sardar Maha Singh of Shukrachakia Misal. Discussing his childhood life, Sikh historian Khushwant Singh writes in his famous book ‘Sikh Ka Itihaas’ that after the political situation arising out of the battle to capture Jammu, Ranjit Singh’s five-year-old daughter Gurbaksh Singh married Kanhaiya Misal. I took a mouthful. After the death of Ranjit Singh’s father Maha Singh in 1792 at the age of 12, the responsibility of Shukrachakia Misal fell on him. He lost one eye due to smallpox in his childhood. He had no formal education. To appreciate the political challenges he inherited at an early age, it is necessary to mention the political situation at that time that by 1796, all the Sikh Misals of that time had become politically ineffective due to personal rivalries. At that time the Sikh community needed a capable leader who could gather the leaders of all the Sikh Misls and lead them. The story of Ranjit Singh becoming Maharaja and Sher-e-Punjab begins in 1796 when Shah Zaman crossed the Indus River for the third time with 30,000 trained soldiers to reach Delhi.
Hearing this news, the Sikhs decided to send their families into the forests and gather in Amritsar. Because the areas of Sahib Singh Bhangi and Ranjit Singh’s missals were situated on the route from Afghanistan to Lahore, due to which the responsibility of stopping Shah Zaman’s army also fell on these two. Sahib Singh Bhangi soon lost courage and fled towards the east with his army. Ranjit Singh also managed to collect ten thousand clumsy horsemen with great difficulty and soon left his district and left for Amritsar. Most of the leaders of the Misls gathered in Amritsar were of the opinion that the better option was to vacate the villages and go to the forests. The chieftains were also of the opinion that when Shah Zaman was returning to Afghanistan after looting from Delhi, he should be surrounded. The youngest Misal Sardar Sardar Ranjit Singh was unhappy with the opinion of the Sardars. He reminded all the chiefs that they collect taxes from the people of their respective areas to protect them from attackers and it is your duty to protect the people from attackers.
Seeing the bravery and bravery of the youngest 17 year old Ranjit Singh, all the chieftains agreed to fight against Shah Zaman under his leadership. This war also confirmed the prediction made when Ranjit Singh was only three years old. This war, which lasted for almost three years, not only forced Shah Zaman to return to Afghanistan, but his courage, war skills and his ability to lead the Sikh nation led to his becoming the first Khalsa, a century after the establishment of Sikhism. Along with this, history was also created in laying the foundation of the state. When Ranjit Singh entered Lahore city with his army, the festival of Muharram was being celebrated in the city. He first prostrated at Badshahi Masjid and Wazir Khan’s Mosque, where at that time maximum number of people came to prostrate. On July 19, 1799, the heavy gates of Lahore were opened with a royal salute to the nineteen-year-old victorious warrior and the Khalsa state was established. After the Maharaja’s accession to the throne, Ranjit Singh, the most prominent of the three Bukhari brothers, initiated the restoration of the judicial system and revenue reforms.
One brother, Azizuddin, was appointed advisor to Maharaja Ranjit Singh, later becoming the Foreign Minister. Maharaja Ranjit Singh opened dispensaries in different parts of the city where Unani medicines were given free of cost. For better operation of this health system, Hakim Nooruddin was appointed Chief Medical Officer. Maharaja Ranjit Singh also reorganized the judicial system. He established courts for Muslims under the supervision of Qazis according to Sharia law. Courts were established for Hindus and Sikhs according to their customary law and magistrates were reinstated. Khushwant Singh writes that with all these decisions he gave a message to the people that he had no intention of establishing a Khalsa state, rather it was a Punjabi state in which Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims would have equal legal rights. Rulers seeking a communal policy of implementing a uniform civil code in a multi-religious country should learn from Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The biggest reason for the success of Sher-e-Punjab was his giving equal respect to all religions and all religious festivals and participating in them.
During the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, no person was given death penalty nor was there any discrimination against Muslims on the basis of atrocities committed on the Sikh community by their ancestors. In the cabinet, Prime Minister Dhyan Singh being a Dogra, Foreign Minister Azizuddin being a Muslim and Finance Minister Dina Nath being a Brahmin is a good example of the secularism and secular administration of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Due to his religious tolerance, the prince of the small princely state of Gujranwala established a state with an annual income of three crore rupees and an area of 320,000 square kilometers till his death in 1839. He was a contemporary of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and was the son of Emperor Napoleon of France. The pass was about half. Shah Muhammad, the folk poet of Punjab, quotes the poems of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and writes, “Fifty years of Shah Muhammad’s life, he earned his kingdom with satisfaction.”
