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A new research has revealed some facts regarding drought in the Himalayas. According to research, if global warming increases by 3 degrees Celsius, about 90 percent of the Himalayan region will remain dry for a year.
According to the study, up to 80 per cent of the increased human risk of heat stress in India could be avoided by adhering to the Paris Agreement's temperature target of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius when temperatures rise by 3 degrees Celsius.
A team led by researchers at the University of East Anglia (UEA) in the UK determined how climate change risks to human and natural systems increase at the national scale as levels of global warming increase.
A collection of eight studies focused on India, Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia and Ghana show that for each degree of global warming, droughts, floods, reduced crop yields and loss of biodiversity and natural capital increase significantly. it occurs.
In India, pollination is halved at 3-4 degrees global warming and quartered at 1.5 degrees.
Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius allows half the country to act as a haven for biodiversity, compared with 6 percent at 3 degrees, the researchers said.
The team found that with a 3°C increase in temperature, the likelihood of agricultural land becoming vulnerable to drought increases significantly. More than 50 percent of agricultural land in each country studied is projected to be exposed to severe drought for more than a year over a 30-year period.
However, limiting global warming to 1.5°C would reduce the risk of drought on agricultural land by between 21 percent (India) and 61 percent (Ethiopia), while also reducing economic losses from river flooding.
This happens when rivers and streams burst their banks and water flows into the surrounding low-lying areas.
The increase in human risk from exposure to severe drought is 20-80 percent lower at 1.5°C compared to 3°C in the six countries, the researchers said.
Economic losses associated with sea level rise are projected to increase in coastal countries, but will grow more slowly if temperature rise is limited to 1.5 degrees Celsius, he said.
Researchers have warned that more efforts are needed to reduce global warming as current global policies are likely to increase global warming by 3 degrees Celsius.
One paper explored the risks to plants and vertebrates from increasing global warming, and the other developed a new natural capital risk register for each of the six countries that included projected changes in risk from future human population changes.
This combination suggests that many regions in the six countries are already at high natural capital risk at 1.5°C when the impacts of growing human populations are taken into account.
The findings also show that the extent of protected area networks is necessary to provide climate-resilient biodiversity conservation.
The results presented in this collection confirm the need to implement climate policies consistent with the boundaries of the Paris Agreement, said the paper's lead author. Which is to protect against the threat of widespread and increasing climate change.
The 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change confirms that the risk of climate change is increasing exponentially with global warming, recognizing how the risk of serious consequences increases with each increase in global warming.
The researchers said that although the study focused on risks from only six countries, other countries are predicted to experience similar issues.
He said greater emphasis is needed on both climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation to avoid major increases in threats to both human and natural systems.
A good way to address the impacts of climate change on natural systems and sequester carbon from the atmosphere is to restore ecosystems to their natural state, especially if warming of 2°C or more is assumed. This will have the added benefit of restoring the natural capital bank in the area.