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Thousands of people die every year due to earthquake. These effects occur directly or through drought caused by tsunamis, landslides, fire and famine. Earthquakes occur when the Earth’s tectonic plates move and collide among themselves, causing a rift and a large amount of energy is released in the waves passing through the ground.
Scientists measure the intensity of the earthquake on the Richter scale, which is a number of 6.4 or 7.0. The 5.0 magnitude earthquake is equal to an explosion of 32 kilotons. It is equal to the explosive power of the atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki in 1945.
Earthquake -affected countries
The sensitivity of a country towards earthquake is determined by its geography. Especially many Asian countries are sensitive to earthquakes, China and Indonesia often have earthquakes, and comparatively the most earthquakes in the world in Japan. Indonesia is the second most earthquake-prone country with 2,212 earthquakes, which is more than Mexico and the Philippines.
In the world’s most devastating earthquake studies, China has topped Indonesia, leaving behind. Let us closely look at the countries facing the world’s most dangerous earthquakes in the last 30 years.
There have been 186 earthquakes in China in the last 30 years, 166 dangerous earthquakes have occurred in Indonesia, 109 earthquakes have occurred in Iran, where most earthquakes occur, 98 dangerous earthquakes have occurred, followed by 78 earthquakes in the United States, 62 earthquakes have occurred in Turkey, after which 58 earthquakes have occurred in India, and then 58 earthquakes have occurred, and then 58 earthquakes have occurred in India, and then 58 earthquakes have occur in India.
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What is the position of India globally?
India is prone to earthquakes due to its geographical location at the junction of many tectonic plates, its complex geopolitical structure and rapidly growing population as well as large-scale uncontrolled construction practices. As a result, earthquakes often occur in India. India ranks seventh in the world in terms of earthquake frequency. Although there have been 58 earthquakes in India so far, but the earthquake in Gujarat in 2001 was the most destructive. Most of us know only about the Gujarat earthquake. But many earthquakes have also occurred in India. Let’s take a look at them.
Kangra (1905)
On April 4, 1905, there was a fierce earthquake of 7.8 magnitude on the Richter scale in the Kangra Valley of Himachal Pradesh. More than 20,000 people were killed in the earthquake, several villages were demolished and the infrastructure suffered widespread damage.
Bihar (1934)
On January 15, 1934, a devastating earthquake of 8.7 magnitude occurred in the border region between India and Nepal, affecting Bihar and West Bengal. 10,000 to 30,000 people died due to earthquake, several important buildings collapsed and heavy damage.
Assam (1950)
On August 15, 1950, a powerful earthquake of 8.6 magnitude occurred in the Northeast Indian state of Assam, causing large -scale landslides and tsunamis in the area. More than 1,500 people were killed and thousands of people were injured in this earthquake.
Uttarakhand (1991)
On 20 October 1991, Uttarakashi district of Uttarakhand caused a 6.8 magnitude earthquake, resulting in over 2,000 people killed and innumerable buildings and houses were destroyed.
Bhuj (2001)
On January 26, 2001, a 7.7 magnitude earthquake occurred in Bhuj region of Gujarat, killing more than 20,000 people and countless people were injured. The earthquake caused havoc throughout the city, many villages were destroyed and the important infrastructure such as hospitals and schools suffered heavy damage. Gujarat Relief Fund is something that children of the 90s will not be able to forget so easily.
Kashmir (2005)
On 8 October 2005, the Kashmir region had a 7.6 magnitude earthquake, which affected both India and Pakistan. More than 86,000 people died in this earthquake, most of whom died in India administered Kashmir. Let’s take a look at some of the most dangerous earthquakes in the history around the world.
Pakistan: October 8, 2005
The 7.6 magnitude earthquake on the Richter scale was felt in most parts of Pakistan and Northern India. More than 80,000 people were killed in the earthquake. About 70,000 people were injured. It also destroyed thousands of buildings. About 40 million people became homeless due to landslides, rock fall and collapsed buildings. It also disrupted access to rescue services in some areas for several days.
Indonesia: December 26, 2004
A tsunami from a major earthquake on the west coast of Sumatra killed at least 230,000 to 290,000 people in 12 countries. In Indonesia alone, 168,000 people died, the intensity of which was measured at 9.1 on the Richter scale. The long -remembered tsunami for its disastrous waves killed people in the countries around the Indian Ocean. The earthquake was so powerful that scientists say that it changed the direction of moving the Earth to about one inch.
Japan: January 17, 1995
The 6.9 magnitude earthquake on the Richter scale struck the Kobe area of Japan. It killed more than 5,000 people and assets worth more than $ 100 billion. It was the most expensive earthquake in history. More than 200,000 buildings collapsed and damaged in this expensive area, causing heavy economic losses. Incidentally, the Cobe earthquake occurred on the first anniversary of the Great Hanshin earthquake and the North Earthquake, which is commonly known in Japan.
Southern California: January 17, 1994
The Northuries Earthquake, which was measured at 6.7 on the Richter scale, killed 60 people and estimated $ 44 billion. Earthquakes damaged more than 40,000 buildings in Los Angeles, Orange, Ventura and San Bernardino in California’s four most populous and important counties. The earthquake, which was felt until Utah and Northern Mexico, came at 4:30 am. Fortunately, at that time most people were not using busy highways, office buildings and parking structures, so many buildings collapsed, but only a few people were casualties.
Middle California: October 18, 1989
At the start of the 1989 World Series game 3, the Loma Preeta earthquake occurred in the San Francisco Gulf region, killing 63 people and loss of property worth about $ 6 billion. The earthquake with a magnitude 6.9 on the Richter scale was the most powerful earthquake in the Gulf region since 1906. ABC anchor Al Michaels for the game was later nominated for the Amy Award for live reporting of earthquakes.
China: July 27, 1976
This earthquake of 7.5 magnitude was one of the many major tremors in recent years in the “Ring of Fire” located around the Pacific Ocean. It came to Tangshan, a population of one million people near the northeastern coast of China. The death toll in official reports has been stated to be 250,000, but it is estimated that the death toll is 655,000.
Alaska: March 28, 1964
One of the most powerful earthquakes in American history, it lasted for three minutes and measured its intensity 9.2 on the Richter scale. Only 15 people died in the earthquake, but this led to a tsunami over 200 feet high in Waldez Inlet, killing 110 people and losses of $ 311 million assets.
Southern Soviet Union: October 5, 1948
Around 110,000 people were killed in an earthquake in Ashgabat in Turkmenistan, which was more than two-thirds of the population of the city. The 7.3 magnitude earthquake transformed most parts of the city into rubble, making it one of the most devastating earthquakes in Central Asia.
Missouri: December 16, 1811
It is one of the oldest earthquakes in the world. The region had an earthquake of 8.0 or more magnitude about 200 years ago. The earthquake was so powerful that the church bells were played in Boston, more than 1,500 miles away. This had an incredible impact on the geology of the region, causing the land to rise so much that the Mississippi river appeared to flow upwards. Fortunately, only one person died in this earthquake.
Possible earthquake in future
Many techniques have been developed to detect earthquakes in advance. But they are not very accurate. However, some prophets have predicted future earthquakes. The most important thing is that Rayo Tatsuki, popularly known as Baba Wanga of Japan, predicted that there will be a big earthquake in Japan on 5 July. In addition, many researchers have predicted that earthquakes will play an important role in the creation of the Earth.
What to do when an earthquake occurs?
– If you are in your home, office or any other building, you should get out immediately. The most important thing is that you remain calm and do not panic.
– Turn off all the electrical appliances and gas line of the house. It is best to close the main switch.
– If you cannot get out of the building, it would be better to lie down under a strong table or bed. And cover your face and head with your hands.
– Also avoid high furniture and shelves of books. These may increase your risk.
– If you are driving, stop the car immediately and keep sitting in your car till the vibration stops. But do not stop the car near trees, buildings or walls.
