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Lok Sabha Elections 2024: After independence, Congress dominated Indian politics at the national and state levels for almost four decades. BJP came into existence in 1980 and got only 2 seats in the 1984 Lok Sabha elections. Then the Lok Sabha elections of 1989 brought a lot of changes in this political scenario. At this time, BJP emerged as a major political force and polarized the country's politics in the next decade. The credit for this change in Indian politics is given to Jan Sangh leader Shyama Prasad Mukherjee, former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and former Deputy Prime Minister Lal Krishna Advani.
Jawaharlal Nehru's time
Congress won the Lok Sabha elections of 1951, 1957 and 1962 by large margins and formed the government under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. During this period, Jawaharlal Nehru was the most popular leader of the country. The Left parties, Jan Sangh and some socialist-oriented political parties were in the opposition, but they did not have enough power to challenge the Congress.
Indira Gandhi ruled the country
After the death of the then Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister of the country. Under his leadership, Congress won the elections of 1967, 1971 and 1980. However, in 1975 Indira Gandhi imposed emergency in the country and jailed all the opposition leaders. The fundamental rights of the people were taken away. The entire opposition united against Indira Gandhi's policies and Congress lost for the first time in the 1977 general elections. In 1977, the Janata Party government was formed and Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister. The Janata Party government was the first non-Congress government in the country. For the first time, the supremacy of Congress in the country's politics had to face a serious challenge.
BJP emerged as a major political force
BJP was formed in 1980. BJP reached among the people by promoting Hindutva and nationalism. In the 1989 general elections, BJP emerged as a major political force. BJP won 85 seats in this election. Then Janata Dal coalition government was formed under the leadership of VP Singh. In the 1991 Lok Sabha elections, BJP's seats increased to 120. In the 1996 general elections, BJP emerged as the largest party by winning 161 seats. From here the politics of India became bipolar. One pillar was of BJP and the other was of other opposition parties including Congress. In 1998, BJP formed the government by winning 182 seats. In the 1999 general elections, the NDA government was once again formed under the leadership of Atal ji. It was the first non-Congress coalition government to last for five years.
NDA lost in 2004
NDA lost in the general elections held in 2004. In the general elections held then, the UPA government was formed under the leadership of Congress. The Manmohan Singh-led UPA government returned to power in the 2009 general elections. Due to this, BJP remained in opposition for 10 years. After this, BJP declared Narendra Modi as its Prime Ministerial candidate and contested the 2014 general elections. In this election, BJP won 282 seats and formed the government at the center with absolute majority. After this, BJP's dominance in Indian politics started increasing. BJP's seats have increased to 303 in the 2019 Lok Sabha elections.