What is diphtheria, a disease that causes blockage in the throat?

Diphtheria: Diphtheria is a serious infection, which can even cause death of a person. Some such cases have been reported in Orissa. In this article, you can understand the symptoms, treatment and prevention measures of diphtheria in easy language.

Diphtheria cases in Odisha have raised concerns. In the last few weeks, 5 people have died and 18 cases of infection have been reported in the state due to this infectious disease.

Though the state health department has taken steps to conduct vaccination drives against diphtheria to prevent the infection, you need to understand important things about diphtheria for prevention, especially if you live in Odisha or are planning to visit here.

What is diphtheria?

Diphtheria is a serious disease caused by bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae. This bacteria attacks the nose, throat and respiratory tract. According to the Cleveland Clinic, This bacteria enters the body and releases a toxin that causes grey tissue to form in the throat. When this happens, there is a lot of difficulty in swallowing and breathing.

Symptoms of diphtheria

Fever

cough

sore throat

Difficulty breathing

Tiredness

persistent runny nose

Swelling in the throat

What is the risk of death from diphtheria?

The symptoms of diphtheria are mild in the beginning but can be completely cured with treatment. But if there is a delay in identifying these symptoms and treating them, then this infection can become serious. According to the Pan American Health Organization, this disease is fatal in 5-10 percent of cases. Children are most at risk.

How does this disease spread?

Diphtheria infection also spreads through touch. Therefore, one should avoid touching contaminated objects such as clothes or utensils that have come in contact with droplets emitted when an infected person coughs or sneezes.

Diphtheria prevention measures

The best way to prevent diphtheria is vaccination. Also important is regular handwashing and avoiding contaminated objects. Maintain distance from a sick person and cover your nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing.

When to contact a doctor

Usually the symptoms of diphtheria start appearing within 2-3 days of infection. In such a situation, if you notice symptoms like fever, sore throat or difficulty in breathing, contact the doctor immediately. It is very important to detect and treat diphtheria in time, because delay can have serious consequences.