New threat spreading in China: Human metapneumovirus (HMPV)

Five years ago, Corona virus wreaked havoc all over the world, killing millions of people and countries around the world struggled with this epidemic for years. Now once again a new virus has emerged from China, which has increased global concerns. Cases of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) are increasing rapidly. According to videos and reports going viral on social media, emergency is being declared in some parts of China.

What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that can affect children, adults, and the elderly.

• It was first identified by scientists in 2001.
• It affects more those people whose immune system is weak.
• At present, the exact number of cases of this virus is not available in China, but large number of cases have also been reported in Japan.

HMPV cases in Japan:

• More than 94,000 cases in the week ending December 15, 2024.
• Till now the total cases have reached 7,18,000.

Symptoms of HMPV

The symptoms of HMPV are similar to those of flu and other respiratory illnesses. Its main symptoms are as follows:

1. Common Symptoms:
   • Cough
   • Fever
   • nasal congestion
   • difficulty breathing
2. Severe symptoms:
   • bronchitis
   • pneumonia
3. Duration:
   • After contracting the virus, a person may remain ill for three to six days.
   • It can spread rapidly through sneezing and coughing.

Indian Government’s stance and vigilance

In view of the increasing cases of HMPV in China, the Indian government has also become alert.

• The National Center for Disease Control (NCDC) is keeping a close eye on this virus.
• The Health Ministry is closely monitoring cases of respiratory and seasonal influenza.
• The government has said that the situation will be monitored and necessary steps will be taken.

Who are at greater risk?

Although this virus can affect people of all ages, the following groups are most at risk:

1. Young children:
   • Whose immune system is not fully developed.
2. Elderly:
   • More sensitive due to weak immunity.
3. People with weak immune system:
   • Such as people suffering from diabetes, heart disease, or other serious diseases.

Ways to prevent HMPV

Some general precautions should be taken to avoid HMPV, which are similar to those used during coronavirus:

1. Maintain cleanliness:
   • Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
   • Use sanitizer.
2. Do not touch the face with dirty hands:
   • Avoid touching eyes, nose, and mouth with dirty hands.
3. Maintain distance from sick person:
   • Avoid physical contact with an infected person.
   • Cover your nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing.
4. Isolation:
   • If you experience symptoms, isolate yourself immediately.
   • Avoid going to public places.
5. Relax:
   • Take adequate rest and consult a doctor if you feel sick.